Pandas Profiling Report

Dataset statistics

Number of variables	12
Number of observations	205
Missing cells	0
Missing cells (%)	0.0%
Duplicate rows	0
Duplicate rows (%)	0.0%
Total size in memory	19.3 KiB
Average record size in memory	96.6 B

Variable types

Categorical	1
Numeric	11

Alerts

`name` has a high cardinality: 147 distinct values	High cardinality
`wheelbase` is highly correlated with `carlength` and 7 other fields	High correlation
`carlength` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 8 other fields	High correlation
`carwidth` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 8 other fields	High correlation
`curbweight` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`cylindernumber` is highly correlated with `curbweight` and 5 other fields	High correlation
`enginesize` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`boreratio` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 8 other fields	High correlation
`horsepower` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`citympg` is highly correlated with `carlength` and 8 other fields	High correlation
`highwaympg` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`price` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`wheelbase` is highly correlated with `carlength` and 5 other fields	High correlation
`carlength` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 8 other fields	High correlation
`carwidth` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`curbweight` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`cylindernumber` is highly correlated with `carwidth` and 4 other fields	High correlation
`enginesize` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`boreratio` is highly correlated with `carlength` and 7 other fields	High correlation
`horsepower` is highly correlated with `carlength` and 8 other fields	High correlation
`citympg` is highly correlated with `carlength` and 7 other fields	High correlation
`highwaympg` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 8 other fields	High correlation
`price` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`wheelbase` is highly correlated with `carlength` and 3 other fields	High correlation
`carlength` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 6 other fields	High correlation
`carwidth` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 6 other fields	High correlation
`curbweight` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 7 other fields	High correlation
`enginesize` is highly correlated with `carlength` and 6 other fields	High correlation
`horsepower` is highly correlated with `curbweight` and 4 other fields	High correlation
`citympg` is highly correlated with `carlength` and 6 other fields	High correlation
`highwaympg` is highly correlated with `carlength` and 6 other fields	High correlation
`price` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 7 other fields	High correlation
`wheelbase` is highly correlated with `carlength` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`carlength` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`carwidth` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`curbweight` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`cylindernumber` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`enginesize` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`boreratio` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`horsepower` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`citympg` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`highwaympg` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`price` is highly correlated with `wheelbase` and 9 other fields	High correlation
`name` is uniformly distributed	Uniform
`cylindernumber` has 4 (2.0%) zeros	Zeros

Reproduction

Analysis started	2022-09-02 00:03:08.965825
Analysis finished	2022-09-02 00:03:41.528629
Duration	32.56 seconds
Software version	pandas-profiling v3.2.0
Download configuration	config.json

name
Categorical

HIGH CARDINALITY
UNIFORM

Distinct	147
Distinct (%)	71.7%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.7 KiB

toyota corona	6
toyota corolla	6
peugeot 504	6
subaru dl	4
mitsubishi mirage g4	3
Other values (142)	180

Length

Max length	31
Median length	24
Mean length	14.14634146
Min length	6

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	2900
Distinct characters	46
Distinct categories	7 ?
Distinct scripts	2 ?
Distinct blocks	1 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	109 ?
Unique (%)	53.2%

Sample

1st row	alfa-romero giulia
2nd row	alfa-romero stelvio
3rd row	alfa-romero Quadrifoglio
4th row	audi 100 ls
5th row	audi 100ls

Common Values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
toyota corona	6	2.9%
toyota corolla	6	2.9%
peugeot 504	6	2.9%
subaru dl	4	2.0%
mitsubishi mirage g4	3	1.5%
mazda 626	3	1.5%
toyota mark ii	3	1.5%
mitsubishi outlander	3	1.5%
mitsubishi g4	3	1.5%
honda civic	3	1.5%
Other values (137)	165	80.5%

Length

Histogram of lengths of the category

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
toyota	31	6.4%
nissan	18	3.7%
mazda	15	3.1%
mitsubishi	13	2.7%
honda	13	2.7%
corolla	12	2.5%
subaru	12	2.5%
peugeot	11	2.3%
volvo	11	2.3%
sw	10	2.0%
Other values (167)	342	70.1%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
	285	9.8%
a	259	8.9%
o	243	8.4%
t	167	5.8%
e	158	5.4%
s	153	5.3%
i	147	5.1%
l	138	4.8%
r	133	4.6%
c	126	4.3%
Other values (36)	1091	37.6%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Lowercase Letter	2384	82.2%
Space Separator	285	9.8%
Decimal Number	179	6.2%
Close Punctuation	13	0.4%
Dash Punctuation	13	0.4%
Open Punctuation	13	0.4%
Uppercase Letter	13	0.4%

Most frequent character per category

Lowercase Letter

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
a	259	10.9%
o	243	10.2%
t	167	7.0%
e	158	6.6%
s	153	6.4%
i	147	6.2%
l	138	5.8%
r	133	5.6%
c	126	5.3%
u	126	5.3%
Other values (15)	734	30.8%

Decimal Number

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	44	24.6%
4	37	20.7%
1	23	12.8%
2	21	11.7%
5	18	10.1%
9	12	6.7%
6	12	6.7%
3	10	5.6%
7	2	1.1%

Uppercase Letter

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
M	4	30.8%
D	3	23.1%
U	1	7.7%
X	1	7.7%
Q	1	7.7%
V	1	7.7%
C	1	7.7%
N	1	7.7%

Space Separator

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
	285	100.0%

Close Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
)	13	100.0%

Dash Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
-	13	100.0%

Open Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
(	13	100.0%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Latin	2397	82.7%
Common	503	17.3%

Most frequent character per script

Latin

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
a	259	10.8%
o	243	10.1%
t	167	7.0%
e	158	6.6%
s	153	6.4%
i	147	6.1%
l	138	5.8%
r	133	5.5%
c	126	5.3%
u	126	5.3%
Other values (23)	747	31.2%

Common

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
	285	56.7%
0	44	8.7%
4	37	7.4%
1	23	4.6%
2	21	4.2%
5	18	3.6%
)	13	2.6%
-	13	2.6%
(	13	2.6%
9	12	2.4%
Other values (3)	24	4.8%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	2900	100.0%

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
	285	9.8%
a	259	8.9%
o	243	8.4%
t	167	5.8%
e	158	5.4%
s	153	5.3%
i	147	5.1%
l	138	4.8%
r	133	4.6%
c	126	4.3%
Other values (36)	1091	37.6%

wheelbase
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	53
Distinct (%)	25.9%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	0.3544193984

Minimum	0
Maximum	1
Zeros	2
Zeros (%)	1.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.7 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0.1871720117
Q1	0.2303206997
median	0.3032069971
Q3	0.4606413994
95-th percentile	0.6822157434
Maximum	1
Range	1
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.2303206997

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.1755619733
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.4953509151
Kurtosis	1.017038946
Mean	0.3544193984
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.07871720117
Skewness	1.050213776
Sum	72.65597668
Variance	0.03082200648
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.2303206997	21	10.2%
0.2069970845	20	9.8%
0.2653061224	13	6.3%
0.2886297376	8	3.9%
0.3119533528	7	3.4%
0.3440233236	7	3.4%
0.5160349854	6	2.9%
0.4023323615	6	2.9%
0.6209912536	6	2.9%
0.3556851312	6	2.9%
Other values (43)	105	51.2%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2	1.0%
0.05247813411	1	0.5%
0.0583090379	2	1.0%
0.08454810496	3	1.5%
0.1370262391	2	1.0%
0.1865889213	1	0.5%
0.1895043732	5	2.4%
0.195335277	1	0.5%
0.2069970845	20	9.8%
0.2244897959	1	0.5%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	1	0.5%
0.8454810496	2	1.0%
0.804664723	4	2.0%
0.7696793003	2	1.0%
0.7405247813	1	0.5%
0.6822157434	3	1.5%
0.6559766764	5	2.4%
0.6239067055	1	0.5%
0.6209912536	6	2.9%
0.5860058309	1	0.5%

carlength
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	75
Distinct (%)	36.6%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	0.4917801238

Minimum	0
Maximum	1
Zeros	1
Zeros (%)	0.5%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.7 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0.2394029851
Q1	0.376119403
median	0.4791044776
Q3	0.6268656716
95-th percentile	0.8247761194
Maximum	1
Range	1
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.2507462687

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.1841386347
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.3744328529
Kurtosis	-0.08289485345
Mean	0.4917801238
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.1029850746
Skewness	0.1559537713
Sum	100.8149254
Variance	0.0339070368
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.2417910448	15	7.3%
0.7119402985	11	5.4%
0.4567164179	7	3.4%
0.6805970149	7	3.4%
0.376119403	7	3.4%
0.3611940299	6	2.9%
0.547761194	6	2.9%
0.523880597	6	2.9%
0.6791044776	6	2.9%
0.4611940299	5	2.4%
Other values (65)	129	62.9%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1	0.5%
0.05223880597	2	1.0%
0.1328358209	3	1.5%
0.2208955224	3	1.5%
0.2358208955	1	0.5%
0.2388059701	1	0.5%
0.2417910448	15	7.3%
0.2507462687	1	0.5%
0.2626865672	3	1.5%
0.2641791045	1	0.5%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	1	0.5%
0.9179104478	2	1.0%
0.8731343284	2	1.0%
0.8671641791	1	0.5%
0.8626865672	4	2.0%
0.8343283582	1	0.5%
0.7865671642	1	0.5%
0.7701492537	3	1.5%
0.7552238806	1	0.5%
0.7432835821	2	1.0%

carwidth
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	44
Distinct (%)	21.5%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	0.4673170732

Minimum	0
Maximum	1
Zeros	1
Zeros (%)	0.5%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.7 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0.275
Q1	0.3166666667
median	0.4333333333
Q3	0.55
95-th percentile	0.8466666667
Maximum	1
Range	1
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.2333333333

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.1787669877
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.3825389612
Kurtosis	0.7027642441
Mean	0.4673170732
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.1166666667
Skewness	0.9040034988
Sum	95.8
Variance	0.0319576359
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=44)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.2916666667	24	11.7%
0.5166666667	23	11.2%
0.425	15	7.3%
0.275	11	5.4%
0.3416666667	10	4.9%
0.675	10	4.9%
0.3083333333	9	4.4%
0.4333333333	8	3.9%
0.4083333333	7	3.4%
0.325	6	2.9%
Other values (34)	82	40.0%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1	0.5%
0.125	1	0.5%
0.1833333333	1	0.5%
0.2583333333	1	0.5%
0.275	11	5.4%
0.2916666667	24	11.7%
0.3	3	1.5%
0.3083333333	9	4.4%
0.3166666667	2	1.0%
0.325	6	2.9%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	1	0.5%
0.975	1	0.5%
0.95	3	1.5%
0.925	3	1.5%
0.8833333333	1	0.5%
0.8583333333	1	0.5%
0.85	1	0.5%
0.8333333333	3	1.5%
0.775	2	1.0%
0.7166666667	4	2.0%

curbweight
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	171
Distinct (%)	83.4%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	0.4141062272

Minimum	0
Maximum	1
Zeros	1
Zeros (%)	0.5%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.7 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0.1602017067
Q1	0.2548487199
median	0.359193173
Q3	0.56128782
95-th percentile	0.781613654
Maximum	1
Range	1
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.3064391001

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.2019705987
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.4877265433
Kurtosis	-0.0428537661
Mean	0.4141062272
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.1497284717
Skewness	0.6813981891
Sum	84.89177657
Variance	0.04079212275
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.3479441427	4	2.0%
0.1667959659	3	1.5%
0.3052754073	3	1.5%
0.1943366951	3	1.5%
0.3576415826	2	1.0%
0.2726920093	2	1.0%
0.406128782	2	1.0%
0.2079131109	2	1.0%
0.359193173	2	1.0%
1	2	1.0%
Other values (161)	180	87.8%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1	0.5%
0.08727695888	1	0.5%
0.128394104	1	0.5%
0.1353762607	1	0.5%
0.1497284717	2	1.0%
0.1505042669	2	1.0%
0.1555469356	1	0.5%
0.1559348332	1	0.5%
0.1598138092	1	0.5%
0.1617532971	1	0.5%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	2	1.0%
0.955003879	1	0.5%
0.9356089992	1	0.5%
0.8851823119	1	0.5%
0.87742436	1	0.5%
0.873545384	1	0.5%
0.8638479441	1	0.5%
0.8522110163	1	0.5%
0.7862684251	1	0.5%
0.7823894492	1	0.5%

cylindernumber
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
ZEROS

Distinct	7
Distinct (%)	3.4%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	0.2380487805

Minimum	0
Maximum	1
Zeros	4
Zeros (%)	2.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.7 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0.2
Q1	0.2
median	0.2
Q3	0.2
95-th percentile	0.4
Maximum	1
Range	1
Interquartile range (IQR)	0

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.1080853764
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.4540471754
Kurtosis	13.71486634
Mean	0.2380487805
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	2.817459025
Sum	48.8
Variance	0.01168244859
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=7)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.2	159	77.6%
0.4	24	11.7%
0.3	11	5.4%
0.6	5	2.4%
0	4	2.0%
0.1	1	0.5%
1	1	0.5%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	4	2.0%
0.1	1	0.5%
0.2	159	77.6%
0.3	11	5.4%
0.4	24	11.7%
0.6	5	2.4%
1	1	0.5%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	1	0.5%
0.6	5	2.4%
0.4	24	11.7%
0.3	11	5.4%
0.2	159	77.6%
0.1	1	0.5%
0	4	2.0%

enginesize
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	44
Distinct (%)	21.5%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	0.2487068569

Minimum	0
Maximum	1
Zeros	1
Zeros (%)	0.5%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.7 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0.1094339623
Q1	0.1358490566
median	0.2226415094
Q3	0.3018867925
95-th percentile	0.5290566038
Maximum	1
Range	1
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.1660377358

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.1571422394
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.6318371812
Kurtosis	5.305682092
Mean	0.2487068569
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.08679245283
Skewness	1.947655045
Sum	50.98490566
Variance	0.0246936834
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=44)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.2301886792	15	7.3%
0.1169811321	15	7.3%
0.1358490566	14	6.8%
0.1396226415	14	6.8%
0.1773584906	13	6.3%
0.1094339623	12	5.9%
0.1849056604	12	5.9%
0.1811320755	8	3.9%
0.2226415094	7	3.4%
0.3018867925	7	3.4%
Other values (34)	88	42.9%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1	0.5%
0.03396226415	3	1.5%
0.0679245283	1	0.5%
0.07169811321	1	0.5%
0.1094339623	12	5.9%
0.1132075472	5	2.4%
0.1169811321	15	7.3%
0.1358490566	14	6.8%
0.1396226415	14	6.8%
0.158490566	1	0.5%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	1	0.5%
0.9320754717	1	0.5%
0.9169811321	1	0.5%
0.7433962264	2	1.0%
0.6528301887	2	1.0%
0.558490566	3	1.5%
0.5358490566	1	0.5%
0.5018867925	3	1.5%
0.4603773585	4	2.0%
0.4528301887	6	2.9%

boreratio
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	38
Distinct (%)	18.5%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	0.5641114983

Minimum	0
Maximum	1
Zeros	1
Zeros (%)	0.5%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.7 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0.3071428571
Q1	0.4357142857
median	0.55
Q3	0.7428571429
95-th percentile	0.8857142857
Maximum	1
Range	1
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.3071428571

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.1934597896
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.3429460137
Kurtosis	-0.7850418332
Mean	0.5641114983
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.1857142857
Skewness	0.0201564181
Sum	115.6428571
Variance	0.03742669019
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=38)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.7714285714	23	11.2%
0.4642857143	20	9.8%
0.4357142857	15	7.3%
0.35	12	5.9%
0.3071428571	12	5.9%
0.6571428571	9	4.4%
0.55	8	3.9%
0.6357142857	8	3.9%
0.8857142857	8	3.9%
0.5214285714	7	3.4%
Other values (28)	83	40.5%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1	0.5%
0.1	1	0.5%
0.2642857143	7	3.4%
0.2714285714	1	0.5%
0.3071428571	12	5.9%
0.3214285714	1	0.5%
0.3357142857	5	2.4%
0.35	12	5.9%
0.3642857143	6	2.9%
0.3857142857	1	0.5%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	2	1.0%
0.9	2	1.0%
0.8857142857	8	3.9%
0.8714285714	1	0.5%
0.8571428571	3	1.5%
0.8285714286	5	2.4%
0.7785714286	2	1.0%
0.7714285714	23	11.2%
0.7642857143	1	0.5%
0.7571428571	1	0.5%

horsepower
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	59
Distinct (%)	28.8%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	0.2338211382

Minimum	0
Maximum	1
Zeros	1
Zeros (%)	0.5%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.7 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0.05833333333
Q1	0.09166666667
median	0.1958333333
Q3	0.2833333333
95-th percentile	0.5533333333
Maximum	1
Range	1
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.1916666667

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.1647673617
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.7046726526
Kurtosis	2.68400616
Mean	0.2338211382
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.1041666667
Skewness	1.405310154
Sum	47.93333333
Variance	0.02714828348
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.08333333333	19	9.3%
0.09166666667	11	5.4%
0.0875	10	4.9%
0.2833333333	9	4.4%
0.2583333333	8	3.9%
0.1958333333	7	3.4%
0.275	6	2.9%
0.4666666667	6	2.9%
0.2208333333	6	2.9%
0.05833333333	6	2.9%
Other values (49)	117	57.1%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1	0.5%
0.01666666667	2	1.0%
0.02916666667	1	0.5%
0.03333333333	2	1.0%
0.04166666667	1	0.5%
0.05	1	0.5%
0.05833333333	6	2.9%
0.06666666667	1	0.5%
0.08333333333	19	9.3%
0.0875	10	4.9%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	1	0.5%
0.8916666667	1	0.5%
0.6625	3	1.5%
0.6333333333	1	0.5%
0.5666666667	2	1.0%
0.5583333333	3	1.5%
0.5333333333	2	1.0%
0.5291666667	1	0.5%
0.475	2	1.0%
0.4708333333	2	1.0%

citympg
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	29
Distinct (%)	14.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	0.3394308943

Minimum	0
Maximum	1
Zeros	1
Zeros (%)	0.5%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.7 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0.08333333333
Q1	0.1666666667
median	0.3055555556
Q3	0.4722222222
95-th percentile	0.6666666667
Maximum	1
Range	1
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.3055555556

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.181726157
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.5353848459
Kurtosis	0.5786483405
Mean	0.3394308943
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.1388888889
Skewness	0.6637040288
Sum	69.58333333
Variance	0.03302439615
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=29)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.5	28	13.7%
0.1666666667	27	13.2%
0.3055555556	22	10.7%
0.3888888889	14	6.8%
0.1111111111	13	6.3%
0.3611111111	12	5.9%
0.2777777778	12	5.9%
0.2222222222	8	3.9%
0.3333333333	8	3.9%
0.4722222222	8	3.9%
Other values (19)	53	25.9%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1	0.5%
0.02777777778	2	1.0%
0.05555555556	3	1.5%
0.08333333333	6	2.9%
0.1111111111	13	6.3%
0.1388888889	3	1.5%
0.1666666667	27	13.2%
0.1944444444	3	1.5%
0.2222222222	8	3.9%
0.25	4	2.0%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	1	0.5%
0.9444444444	1	0.5%
0.8888888889	1	0.5%
0.6944444444	7	3.4%
0.6666666667	6	2.9%
0.6388888889	1	0.5%
0.6111111111	1	0.5%
0.5833333333	1	0.5%
0.5555555556	1	0.5%
0.5277777778	1	0.5%

highwaympg
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	30
Distinct (%)	14.6%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	0.3881899872

Minimum	0
Maximum	1
Zeros	2
Zeros (%)	1.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.7 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0.1578947368
Q1	0.2368421053
median	0.3684210526
Q3	0.4736842105
95-th percentile	0.7052631579
Maximum	1
Range	1
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.2368421053

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.1812221877
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.4668389027
Kurtosis	0.4400703815
Mean	0.3881899872
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.1315789474
Skewness	0.5399971879
Sum	79.57894737
Variance	0.0328414813
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=30)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.2368421053	19	9.3%
0.5789473684	17	8.3%
0.2105263158	17	8.3%
0.3684210526	16	7.8%
0.4210526316	16	7.8%
0.4736842105	14	6.8%
0.5526315789	13	6.3%
0.3157894737	13	6.3%
0.3421052632	10	4.9%
0.4473684211	9	4.4%
Other values (20)	61	29.8%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2	1.0%
0.02631578947	1	0.5%
0.05263157895	2	1.0%
0.07894736842	2	1.0%
0.1052631579	2	1.0%
0.1578947368	8	3.9%
0.1842105263	7	3.4%
0.2105263158	17	8.3%
0.2368421053	19	9.3%
0.2631578947	3	1.5%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	1	0.5%
0.9736842105	1	0.5%
0.8947368421	1	0.5%
0.8157894737	2	1.0%
0.7894736842	2	1.0%
0.7105263158	4	2.0%
0.6842105263	3	1.5%
0.6578947368	3	1.5%
0.6052631579	2	1.0%
0.5789473684	17	8.3%

price
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	189
Distinct (%)	92.2%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	13276.71057

Minimum	5118
Maximum	45400
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.7 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	5118
5-th percentile	6197
Q1	7788
median	10295
Q3	16503
95-th percentile	32472.4
Maximum	45400
Range	40282
Interquartile range (IQR)	8715

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	7988.852332
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.6017192504
Kurtosis	3.051647871
Mean	13276.71057
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	3306
Skewness	1.777678156
Sum	2721725.667
Variance	63821761.58
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
8921	2	1.0%
9279	2	1.0%
7898	2	1.0%
8916.5	2	1.0%
7775	2	1.0%
8845	2	1.0%
7295	2	1.0%
7609	2	1.0%
6692	2	1.0%
6229	2	1.0%
Other values (179)	185	90.2%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
5118	1	0.5%
5151	1	0.5%
5195	1	0.5%
5348	1	0.5%
5389	1	0.5%
5399	1	0.5%
5499	1	0.5%
5572	2	1.0%
6095	1	0.5%
6189	1	0.5%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
45400	1	0.5%
41315	1	0.5%
40960	1	0.5%
37028	1	0.5%
36880	1	0.5%
36000	1	0.5%
35550	1	0.5%
35056	1	0.5%
34184	1	0.5%
34028	1	0.5%

Spearman's ρ

The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a measure of monotonic correlation between two variables, and is therefore better in catching nonlinear monotonic correlations than Pearson's r. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative monotonic correlation, 0 indicating no monotonic correlation and 1 indicating total positive monotonic correlation.

To calculate ρ for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of the rank variables of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Pearson's r

The Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) is a measure of linear correlation between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative linear correlation, 0 indicating no linear correlation and 1 indicating total positive linear correlation. Furthermore, r is invariant under separate changes in location and scale of the two variables, implying that for a linear function the angle to the x-axis does not affect r.

To calculate r for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Kendall's τ

Similarly to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (τ) measures ordinal association between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative correlation, 0 indicating no correlation and 1 indicating total positive correlation.

To calculate τ for two variables X and Y, one determines the number of concordant and discordant pairs of observations. τ is given by the number of concordant pairs minus the discordant pairs divided by the total number of pairs.

Phik (φk)

Phik (φk) is a new and practical correlation coefficient that works consistently between categorical, ordinal and interval variables, captures non-linear dependency and reverts to the Pearson correlation coefficient in case of a bivariate normal input distribution. There is extensive documentation available here.

Count
Matrix

A simple visualization of nullity by column.

Nullity matrix is a data-dense display which lets you quickly visually pick out patterns in data completion.

First rows

	name	wheelbase	carlength	carwidth	curbweight	cylindernumber	enginesize	boreratio	horsepower	citympg	highwaympg	price
0	alfa-romero giulia	0.058309	0.413433	0.316667	0.411171	0.2	0.260377	0.664286	0.262500	0.222222	0.289474	13495.000
1	alfa-romero stelvio	0.058309	0.413433	0.316667	0.411171	0.2	0.260377	0.664286	0.262500	0.222222	0.289474	16500.000
2	alfa-romero Quadrifoglio	0.230321	0.449254	0.433333	0.517843	0.4	0.343396	0.100000	0.441667	0.166667	0.263158	16500.000
3	audi 100 ls	0.384840	0.529851	0.491667	0.329325	0.2	0.181132	0.464286	0.225000	0.305556	0.368421	13950.000
4	audi 100ls	0.373178	0.529851	0.508333	0.518231	0.3	0.283019	0.464286	0.279167	0.138889	0.157895	17450.000
5	audi fox	0.384840	0.540299	0.500000	0.395268	0.3	0.283019	0.464286	0.258333	0.166667	0.236842	15250.000
6	audi 100ls	0.559767	0.770149	0.925000	0.525989	0.3	0.283019	0.464286	0.258333	0.166667	0.236842	17710.000
7	audi 5000	0.559767	0.770149	0.925000	0.568658	0.3	0.283019	0.464286	0.258333	0.166667	0.236842	18920.000
8	audi 4000	0.559767	0.770149	0.925000	0.619860	0.3	0.264151	0.421429	0.383333	0.111111	0.105263	23875.000
9	audi 5000s (diesel)	0.376093	0.553731	0.633333	0.607060	0.3	0.264151	0.421429	0.466667	0.083333	0.157895	17859.167

Last rows

	name	wheelbase	carlength	carwidth	curbweight	cylindernumber	enginesize	boreratio	horsepower	citympg	highwaympg	price
195	volvo 144ea	0.516035	0.71194	0.575000	0.599690	0.2	0.301887	0.885714	0.275000	0.277778	0.315789	13415.0
196	volvo 244dl	0.516035	0.71194	0.575000	0.561288	0.2	0.301887	0.885714	0.275000	0.305556	0.315789	15985.0
197	volvo 245	0.516035	0.71194	0.575000	0.602793	0.2	0.301887	0.885714	0.275000	0.305556	0.315789	16515.0
198	volvo 264gl	0.516035	0.71194	0.575000	0.603957	0.2	0.260377	0.771429	0.475000	0.111111	0.157895	18420.0
199	volvo diesel	0.516035	0.71194	0.575000	0.647401	0.2	0.260377	0.771429	0.475000	0.111111	0.157895	18950.0
200	volvo 145e (sw)	0.655977	0.71194	0.716667	0.567882	0.2	0.301887	0.885714	0.275000	0.277778	0.315789	16845.0
201	volvo 144ea	0.655977	0.71194	0.708333	0.605508	0.2	0.301887	0.885714	0.466667	0.166667	0.236842	19045.0
202	volvo 244dl	0.655977	0.71194	0.716667	0.591156	0.4	0.422642	0.742857	0.358333	0.138889	0.184211	21485.0
203	volvo 246	0.655977	0.71194	0.716667	0.670675	0.4	0.316981	0.335714	0.241667	0.361111	0.289474	22470.0
204	volvo 264gl	0.655977	0.71194	0.716667	0.610551	0.2	0.301887	0.885714	0.275000	0.166667	0.236842	22625.0

Overview

Variables

Common Values

Length

Most occurring characters

Most occurring categories

Most frequent character per category

Lowercase Letter

Decimal Number

Uppercase Letter

Space Separator

Close Punctuation

Dash Punctuation

Open Punctuation

Most occurring scripts

Most frequent character per script

Latin

Common

Most occurring blocks

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Interactions

Correlations

Spearman's ρ

Pearson's r

Kendall's τ

Phik (φk)

Missing values

Sample

First rows

Last rows